Glossary

Multi-shank three-dimensional silicon probe arrays for simultaneous volumetric neural recordings across multiple brain regions.

Standard Omnetics connector assembly for A-Series silicon probes, compatible with all major data acquisition systems.

Silicon neural probes designed for depth recordings up to 15mm, with various geometries, site layouts, and packages for single-unit and multi-unit neural recordings.

Brief electrical impulse (spike) generated by neurons, typically lasting 1–2 ms with amplitude of 50–500 µV extracellularly.

Vector probe with integrated active headstage electronics that digitize signals at the probe tip for low-noise chronic recording.

Non-human species used in research to study biological and behavioral processes, serving as proxies for human physiology.

Three-dimensional neural tissue grown from human stem cells for disease modeling, drug screening, and developmental studies.

Cranial landmark at the coronal–sagittal suture intersection, the primary reference point for stereotaxic probe placement.

Total number of recording sites on a probe.

Adjustable microdrive assembly enabling precise post-implantation depth control of chronically implanted silicon probes.

Rotary connector that prevents cable twisting during freely moving recordings by allowing continuous rotation.

Horizontal organization of neocortex into six distinct layers.

The application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) embedded in a headstage or DAQ system that amplifies, filters, and digitizes neural signals on-chip.

The electronics hub that digitizes, timestamps, and streams neural signals from headstages to a host computer for recording and analysis.

Silicon probe assembly with an integrated microfluidic channel for simultaneous local drug infusion and neural recording.

Recording electrical activity from the brain surface using grid or strip electrodes placed epidurally or subdurally.

Individual conductive area on a neural probe that detects bioelectrical signals from the surrounding extracellular space.

The electrochemical boundary between an electrode surface and neural tissue that determines recording quality.

Neural recording technique that measures electrical activity from outside cells, capturing action potentials and local field potentials.

Double-sided silicon probes with 32–128 channels, 1–8 shanks, and 3–10 mm implantable lengths. Electrodes on both substrate faces provide 360° coverage and 2× active-site density in the same cross-section. Available in acute (50+ reuses) and chronic configurations. Proven in 5,000+ publications across 1,000+ institutions.

Assembly for Fusion double-sided probes routing signals from both recording faces to a single Omnetics connector.

Ultra-high-density silicon probes with closely-spaced recording sites (10-20µm) for single-unit isolation and high-resolution laminar profiling.

Low-noise amplification and signal conditioning electronics positioned close to recording electrodes to maximize signal quality.

Brain structure critical for memory, with distinct laminar organization.

Probe assembly with a flexible polyimide cable between the shank and connector, reducing tethering forces for chronic recording.

Electrical resistance of a recording site, typically 1-3 MΩ.

Slow electrical signals reflecting population activity in nearby tissue.

Passive Omnetics connector assembly for 3D Matrix multi-shank probe arrays with 64–256 recording channels.

3D Matrix multi-shank probe with integrated active headstage electronics for high-channel-count chronic recording with minimal cable noise.

Deepest brain structure a probe can reach.

Mechanical device for adjusting probe depth in small increments during or after surgical insertion.

Combined action potentials from multiple nearby neurons.

Technique using light to control genetically modified neurons, enabling precise temporal and spatial neural circuit manipulation.

Combined optical fiber and silicon electrode assembly for simultaneous optogenetic light delivery and neural recording at the same site.

Sub-assembly permanently integrated with a silicon probe providing the electrical and mechanical interfaces needed for handling and use.

Connector assembly for Q-Trode tetrode silicon arrays, optimized for single-unit isolation in hippocampus and other structures.

Tetrode-configuration silicon probes with quad site arrangements (4 sites per depth) optimized for spike sorting and single-unit isolation.

Electrode contacts that detect neural activity from nearby neurons.

Vertical distance from first to last recording site on a probe.

Electrode providing a baseline potential for differential neural recordings relative to active recording sites.

Microfabricated neural interface devices made from silicon substrate with integrated recording electrodes for extracellular neural signal acquisition.

Action potentials from individual neurons.

Number of recording sites per unit length along the probe.

Surface area of each recording contact, measured in µm².

Width of the probe shank, affecting tissue damage and rigidity.

Flexible polymer electrode array for surface EEG, epidural, or subdural ECoG recording and stimulation.

An inferred neuron whose spike activity is detected via extracellular recording, the fundamental entity in spike-sorted data.

High-density deep brain silicon probes optimized for subcortical recording and stimulation. Gen2 features reinforced design, Fusion double-sided recording, and up to 128 channels. Exceptional durability (50+ experiments per probe) with proven validation: 200+ peer-reviewed publications across 200+ research institutions. Compatible with standard DAQ systems (Intan, Open Ephys, Plexon, TDT) — zero retraining required.

Flexible-cable connector assembly for Vector Series probes, designed for chronic stability in deep brain structures.

Behavioral state such as wake, sleep, or anesthesia, inferred from EEG, EMG, and neural activity patterns.

Ultra-compact, low-mass connector assembly for chronic silicon probe implants in weight-sensitive small animal preparations.

Zero insertion force connector assembly providing a reliable, low-profile alternative to Omnetics for chronic probe implants.